Semaglutides are a group of medications that have become very popular in recent years, especially for helping with weight loss and managing type 2 diabetes. You may have heard of them by their brand names, like Ozempic, Wegovy, and Rybelsus. While these medications can help control blood sugar and reduce weight, some recent reports suggest they may also increase the risk of a rare eye condition called NAION—short for Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.
If you’re using one of these medications, or thinking about starting, here’s what you should know—especially when it comes to your eye health.
What Are Semaglutides?
Semaglutides work by mimicking a natural hormone in your body called GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1). This hormone helps regulate blood sugar, reduce appetite, and slow digestion. Because of this, semaglutides have been very successful in treating diabetes and helping people lose weight.
Some common semaglutide medications include:
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- Ozempic – for type 2 diabetes
- Wegovy – for weight loss
- Rybelsus – an oral version for diabetes
These drugs are usually given as injections once a week (except Rybelsus, which is taken by mouth daily).
What Is NAION?
NAION stands for Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. It’s a condition where blood flow to the optic nerve is suddenly reduced, damaging the nerve and leading to vision loss. This type of vision loss usually happens in one eye, without warning, and it can be permanent.
NAION is the second most common cause of sudden optic nerve-related vision loss in people over age 50. It’s more likely to happen in people with high blood pressure, diabetes, sleep apnea, or small optic nerves—conditions often found in patients who also use semaglutides.
Is There a Connection Between Semaglutides and NAION?
Recently, some eye doctors and researchers have noticed a possible link between semaglutide use and cases of NAION. While more research is needed, these early reports suggest that some patients taking semaglutides may be at higher risk for sudden vision loss from this condition.
It’s important to know that NAION is rare. Most people taking Ozempic or Wegovy will not develop it. However, if you already have risk factors—like diabetes, high blood pressure, or a history of NAION in the other eye—you should be especially cautious.
What Should You Do?
If you are using semaglutides and notice any sudden changes in your vision—such as blurry vision, vision loss in one eye, or a “dark curtain” in your sight—call your eye doctor immediately. Time is critical, and quick treatment can help protect your vision.
Also, make sure to tell your ophthalmologist about all the medications you are taking, especially if you’re using Ozempic, Wegovy, or Rybelsus. Your doctor can help monitor your eye health more closely and talk to your other healthcare providers if needed.
Final Thoughts
Semaglutides can be very helpful for many people, but like all medications, they come with risks. Understanding these risks—and acting fast if you notice vision changes—can help protect your eyesight.
If you have questions or concerns about your vision while using a semaglutide, schedule an appointment with our office. We’re here to help keep your eyes healthy.